This paper is aims to review the book entitled Review of History: What and Why? byBeverley Southgate. Our findings show that this book is not an original work which contains speculations of the author, but it is an elementary text book about one of the most important questions of the philosophy of history, i. e. Does history have any kind of objectivity? In a good manner, he gathered views of the former as well as the latter. Also, he shows that how the history, as a disciplines affected by other fields of humanities. Its language is simple and has a logical structure. But relativistic and subjectivist approach of the author is one of the challenging aspects of this book in Iranian philosophical atmosphere. This book is old and its subject matters are very limited.

In this paper, an alternative approach in operational modal analysis is presented, utilizing image processing technique and transmissibility functions. Imaging sensors do not impose additional mass on the structure due to their non-contact nature, while transmissibility functions, independent of excitation type, can directly extract mode shapes. The innovation of this research lies in combining these two techniques to record dynamic responses and identify modal properties. To capture the temporal response history from video signals, the block-matching method with sub-pixel accuracy was employed. Validation was conducted by recording the response of the tip of a cantilevered steel beam subjected to impact excitation, using a high-speed camera and a laser vibrometer, simultaneously. The RMSE plots in the time domain and the PSD in the frequency domain indicate high accuracy of this method. Using this approach, the displacement time histories of various points on the structure were extracted from the video signals, and the modal properties, including natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes, were identified using the transmissibility matrix method. The results obtained from the proposed method were compared with the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method and analytical solutions. The findings reveal the accuracy of the modal identification approach introduced in this article. The highest relative error in estimating the natural frequencies of the first and second modes, compared to the values from the laser method, are 0.19% and 0.13%, respectively, and in comparison to the analytical values, they are 0.34% and 1.5%, respectively.

In traditional speech processing, feature extraction and classification were conducted as separate steps. The advent of deep neural networks has enabled methods that simultaneously model the relationship between acoustic and phonetic characteristics of speech while classifying it directly from the raw waveform. The first convolutional layer in these networks acts as a filter bank. To enhance interpretability and reduce the number of parameters, researchers have explored the use of parametric filters, with the SincNet architecture being a notable advancement. In SincNet's initial convolutional layer, rectangular bandpass filters are learned instead of fully trainable filters. This approach allows for modeling with fewer parameters, thereby improving the network's convergence speed and accuracy. Analyzing the learned filter bank also provides valuable insights into the model's performance. The reduction in parameters, along with increased accuracy and interpretability, has led to the adoption of various parametric filters and deep architectures across diverse speech processing applications. This paper introduces different types of parametric filters and discusses their integration into various deep architectures. Additionally, it examines the specific applications in speech processing where these filters have proven effective.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Varicocele is one of the causes of male infertility. It changes with temperature and drainage of testicular veins that due to spermatogenesis disturbance and decrease of fertility in these patients. However varicocelectomy is a treatment for varicocele, but there are other methods of treating this disease including assisted reproductive technology (ART), Sperm processing and swim up. METHODS: This interventional study was performed on 155 cases in fertility and infertility Center of Babol University of medical sciences in 2004. Sperm parameters in varicocele patients was assessed before and after sperm processing. FINDINGS: The mean age of patients was 31.8 years. Sperm motility before sperm processing in grade III and IV was 53.9% and 12.9%, respectively but after sperm processing in grade III and IV changed to 78.7% and 56.8%, respectively. Total motility before sperm processing was 40 % and changed after processing to 80%. CONCLUSION: The results show that with sperm processing and collection of appropriate sperms, we are able to increase fertility.

The book “, History and Theory in Anthropology”,by Alan Barnard, a leading researcher and author of anthropological studies, especially anthropology in South Africa is among valuable works in the field of anthropology. In this book, he examines the theoretical nature of anthropology throughout history and the views of prominent scholars and thinkers of this science and their comparisons, as well as the rooting of theories and schools of thought presented in the field of anthropology. The purpose of this book is to examine the pioneering views of anthropological studies, evolution in all its dimensions, the theory of disseminators in cultural areas, functionalism and structural functionalism, pragmatic theories, processing, and Marxist views, various aspects of relativism, structuralism and post-structuralism, postmodernist views and recent interpretations. Although this work should be regarded as an overview of anthropological theories and related problems since it lacks the details of theorists, approaches, and ideas, its very briefness of the terms and contents, its conceptual clarity and explanation have been diminished and it requires revisions.

The under review book of Homo Deus, A Brief History of Tomorrow, is the second part of the trilogy of Sapiens, Homo Deus, and 21 Lessons for the 21st Century were all written by Yuval Noah Harari. In this book, the writer has first reviewed the history behind the formation of the human mindset from Paleolithic to the renaissance with particular emphasis on the scientific revolution and appearance of the humanism paradigm and its subdivisions (liberalism, socialism, and fascism). Doing so, he concluded that the invention of the internet of everything and using more sophisticated computer-generated algorithms by Google and Facebook (Dataism) would eventually put humans aside forever. The writers of this critique compared the Farsi translation with the English one and realized that some parts of the Farsi version suffer from improper translation, and some other parts have been deleted during the translation. In addition to that, it is probable that human societies might escape from the illustrated dark future by Harari. Learning from past events, and more importantly, using our global consciousness, which we possess more than ever, might change the inevitable future.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present a model of temptation and likelihood of substance use in dependent individuals with a history of relapse based on attention bias and emotional processing styles, with the mediating role of social support. Methods and Materials: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included addicted individuals referred to addiction treatment centers (residential camps) in the city of Rasht. A simple random sampling method was used, and based on the Morgan table, 201 individuals were selected. Data were collected using the following standardized questionnaires: Post-Addiction Temptation to Use Substance Questionnaire, Shostrom Attention Bias Questionnaire (translated by Rezvani), Baker's Emotional Processing Styles Questionnaire, and Wax's Social Support Questionnaire. For statistical data analysis, structural equation modeling and LISREL software were used. Findings: The results indicated that all the paths in the overall sample were statistically significant. In the final research model, the relationship between variables of temptation and likelihood of substance use in dependent individuals with a history of relapse, based on attention bias and emotional processing styles, with the mediating role of social support, was significant. The highest coefficient (-0. 76) was related to the path of social support, while the weakest coefficient (-0. 39) was related to the path of attention bias. Therefore, all direct paths were significant (p < 0. 50). In the proposed research model, there were two indirect or mediating paths, and to determine the significance of mediating relationships and the indirect effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable through the mediator, the bootstrap method was used (p < 0. 01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the model has good fitness. Based on the standard coefficients, the direct and indirect paths of the proposed model were significant.